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Caring for Your Aging Parents

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Caring for your aging parents is something you hope you can handle when the time comes, but it’s the last thing you want to think about. Whether the time is now or somewhere down the road, there are steps that you can take to make your life (and theirs) a little easier. Some people live their entire lives with little or no assistance from family and friends, but today Americans are living longer than ever before. It’s always better to be prepared.

Mom? Dad? We need to talk

The first step you need to take is talking to your parents. Find out what their needs and wishes are. In some cases, however, they may be unwilling or unable to talk about their future. This can happen for a number of reasons, including:

  • Incapacity
  • Fear of becoming dependent
  • Resentment toward you for interfering
  • Reluctance to burden you with their problems

If such is the case with your parents, you may need to do as much planning as you can without them. If their safety or health is in danger, however, you may need to step in as caregiver. The bottom line is that you need to have a plan. If you’re nervous about talking to your parents, make a list of topics that you need to discuss. That way, you’ll be less likely to forget anything. Here are some things that you may need to talk about:

  • Long-term care insurance: Do they have it? If not, should they buy it?
  • Living arrangements: Can they still live alone, or is it time to explore other options?
  • Medical care decisions: What are their wishes, and who will carry them out?
  • Financial planning: How can you protect their assets?
  • Estate planning: Do they have all of the necessary documents (e.g., wills, trusts)?
  • Expectations: What do you expect from your parents, and what do they expect from you?

Preparing a personal data record

Once you’ve opened the lines of communication, your next step is to prepare a personal data record. This document lists information that you might need in case your parents become incapacitated or die. Here’s some information that should be included:

  • Financial information: Bank accounts, investment accounts, real estate holdings
  • Legal information: Wills, durable power of attorneys, health-care directives
  • Funeral and burial plans: Prepayment information, final wishes
  • Medical information: Health-care providers, medication, medical history
  • Insurance information: Policy numbers, company names
  • Advisor information: Names and phone numbers of any professional service providers
  • Location of other important records: Keys to safe-deposit boxes, real estate deeds

Be sure to write down the location of documents and any relevant account numbers. It’s a good idea to make copies of all of the documents you’ve gathered and keep them in a safe place. This is especially important if you live far away, because you’ll want the information readily available in the event of an emergency.

Where will your parents live?

If your parents are like many older folks, where they live will depend on how healthy they are. As your parents grow older, their health may deteriorate so much that they can no longer live on their own. At this point, you may need to find them in-home health care or health care within a retirement community or nursing home. Or, you may insist that they come to live with you. If money is an issue, moving in with you may be the best (or only) option, but you’ll want to give this decision serious thought. This decision will impact your entire family, so talk about it as a family first. A lot of help is out there, including friends and extended family. Don’t be afraid to ask.

Evaluating your parents’ abilities

If you’re concerned about your parents’ mental or physical capabilities, ask their doctor(s) to recommend a facility for a geriatric assessment. These assessments can be done at hospitals or clinics. The evaluation determines your parents’ capabilities for day-to-day activities (e.g., cooking, housework, personal hygiene, taking medications, making phone calls). The facility can then refer you and your parents to organizations that provide support.

If you can’t be there to care for your parents, or if you just need some guidance to oversee your parents’ care, a geriatric care manager (GCM) can also help. Typically, GCMs are nurses or social workers with experience in geriatric care. They can assess your parents’ ability to live on their own, coordinate round-the-clock care if necessary, or recommend home health care and other agencies that can help your parents remain independent.

Get support and advice

Don’t try to care for your parents alone. Many local and national caregiver support groups and community services are available to help you cope with caring for your aging parents. If you don’t know where to find help, contact your state’s department of eldercare services. Or, call (800) 677-1116 to reach the Eldercare Locator, an information and referral service sponsored by the federal government that can direct you to resources available nationally or in your area. Some of the services available in your community may include:

  • Caregiver support groups and training
  • Adult day care
  • Respite care
  • Guidelines on how to choose a nursing home
  • Free or low-cost legal advice

Once you’ve gathered all of the necessary information, you may find some gaps. Perhaps your mother doesn’t have a health-care directive, or her will is outdated. You may wish to consult an attorney or other financial professional whose advice both you and your parents can trust.

IMPORTANT DISCLOSURES

Broadridge Investor Communication Solutions, Inc. does not provide investment, tax, legal, or retirement advice or recommendations. The information presented here is not specific to any individual’s personal circumstances.

To the extent that this material concerns tax matters, it is not intended or written to be used, and cannot be used, by a taxpayer for the purpose of avoiding penalties that may be imposed by law.

Each taxpayer should seek independent advice from a tax professional based on his or her individual circumstances. These materials are provided for general information and educational purposes based upon publicly available information from sources believed to be reliable — we cannot assure the accuracy or completeness of these materials. The information in these materials may change at any time and without notice.

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Time to Consider Long-Term Care

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According to Census Bureau, 73 million baby boomers will be 65 and older by 2030. Therefore, the demand for long-term care services is expected to grow rapidly in the coming years. It’s advisable to plan for long-term care needs.

Without a plan, the cost of long-term care can be very expensive and quickly add up. Depending on the state and facility, out-of-pocket costs could be upwards of $200 per day for skilled nursing care. Another alarming stat is that there is a 70% chance that someone turning 65 will need some long-term care services.

It’s important to understand what long-term care provides as well as who may need long-term care.

What Will Long-Term Care Do?

Most people don’t think about long-term care until they or a loved one needs it. Long-term care is a type of care that includes:

  • Personal and medical care services for people with chronic illnesses or disabilities.
  • Designed to meet a person’s health or personal care needs during a short or long period of time
  • Available at your home, in the community, or in institutional settings such as nursing homes or assisted living facilities.
  • Services that help people live as independently and safely as possible when they can no longer perform everyday activities on their own.

Who Needs Long-Term Care?

A safe assumption by many is that long-term care is something to worry about later in life. As people age, their physical and mental capabilities decline. Many different people may require long-term care such as those who:

  • Have an ongoing or degenerative health condition
  • Suffer a disability from a medical emergency (i.e., heart attack, stroke, accident, etc.)
  • Require permanent care during later stages of dementia

Long-Term Care Insurance (LTCI) Policy

As the name suggests, LTCI is insurance that helps cover the cost of long-term care services. Enrolling in an LTCI policy when you are younger and healthy is important to keep premiums down. Doing so can also keep your benefits as high as possible.

Most LTCI policies have a waiting period before benefits kick in. This is usually around 90 days. After the waiting period, the policy will cover a certain amount per day for a set number of years. Some LTCI policies also have an inflation rider. This helps to keep up with the rising cost of long-term care services. The younger you are and if you’re relatively healthy when you buy an LTCI policy, the less you will pay in premiums.

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“It Won’t Happen to Me”

You can live in the hope that you are in the 30% chance of not needing long-term care services. But this is not a good enough reason to forego a long-term care plan. Without a plan, you will have to pay for long-term care services out of pocket. These costs can quickly add up and be very expensive.

For example, the average cost of a private room in a nursing home is around $100,000 per year. The cumulative expenses can quickly change your savings and leave you financially struggling in retirement. Additionally, Medicare does not cover most long-term care services.

Planning for long-term care needs is important to ensure that you are prepared for the future. Check out this Cost of Care Survey for more information about the importance of Long-Term Care and their costs. As always, I’m always available to answer of your questions.

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